In the first cohort of patients with pSS, the A allele of the CTLA-4 +49A/G polymorphism was found on 73% of chromosomes in patients with pSS, in comparison with 66% in controls (p = 0.036, odds ratio (OR) 1.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02 to 1.95; Table 1). The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is peeling skin syndrome.