POMC and type 1 diabetes mellitus: Grouping study participants with respect to the presence versus the absence of an awakening response to hypoglycemia (across both the T1DM patients and the control participants) revealed that awakening was associated with a strikingly increased likelihood of an above-threshold response to hypoglycemia in concentrations of epinephrine (p < 0.001), ACTH (p < 0.001), and cortisol (p = 0.005).