Despite evidence from a number of clinical trials of the safety and efficacy of this combination in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in children[29,87,88] and pregnant women[89], a recent WHO report[80] concluded that the combination should continue to be used with caution, particularly in areas where glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is common. The gene discussed is G6PD; the disease is malaria.