Wang et al (1996) reported that BCH can be found in 69% of biopsy samples in symptom-free patients and that p53 mutations can be found in BCH and dysplastic samples, whereas no hotspot mutations are contained in these mutations (Shi et al, 1999). We also identified the histologic findings of BCH in LULs-NDE and the paired normal Lugol staining area according to histologic criteria used in the Chinese group (Dawsey et al, 1994), whereas prevalence of BCH was low in our Japanese subjects and no p53 mutations were found. This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and choreatic disease.