TNF and neoplasm: On the other hand, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-γ, MCP-1, MIP-1β, TNF-α and, to a lesser extent, IL-1β and IL-13 were significantly overexpressed in ER-negative tumours compared with ER-positive ones, with the greatest differences observed for IL-8 and MCP-1.