IL-2 and IL-13 were not correlated with PR status, whereas IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-γ, MCP-1, MIP-1β, TNF-α and, to a lesser extent, IL-4, IL-12 and G-CSF were more abundant in PR-negative tumours than in PR-positive ones. This evidence concerns the gene IL4 and neoplasm.