In search for genes associated with HCC by cDNA micro-array, Yin et al. found that the transcription of TSPY, "testis-specific protein Y-encoded", was up-regulated in HCC, and that TSPY is a novel CT antigen which might be serve as a potential candidate in vaccine strategy for immunotherapy in HCC patients [73]. The gene discussed is TSPY1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.