BRAF and thyroid gland carcinoma: In human thyroid cancers, it has recently been reported that BRAF V600E is highly associated with (1) overexpression of VEGF and that overexpression of VEGF was highly associated with increasing tumour stage and invasion (Jo et al, 2006) and (2) reduced membrane expression of NIS (Riesco-Eizaguirre et al, 2006).