To test this hypothesis, a series of elegant gene expression studies were performed using in vitro models and clinical samples to determine the role of BRAF in RET/PTC effects in thyroid cells (Melillo et al, 2005; Mitsutake et al, 2005b) and the degree of overlap in gene expression in tumours with either genetic abnormality (Giordano et al, 2005). This evidence concerns the gene BRAF and neoplasm.