Thus, HA fragments (HAF), but not native HA polymer or HA disaccharides, could activate Ras and PKCζ in tumor cells in a CD44-dependent fashion [7]; 35,000- to 280,000-Da HA preparations were shown to stimulate CD44-mediated chemokine gene expression in alveolar macrophages [8]; HA oligosaccharides have been reported to induce a toll-like receptor–mediated response in endothelial cells [9]; and only tetra- and hexasaccharide HA fragments have been observed to induce immunophenotypic maturation of human dendritic cells [10]. Here, CD44 is linked to neoplasm.