CTNNBIP1 and skin basal cell carcinoma: While we did not find levels of β-catenin to be significantly different between BCC and normal skin, decreased (-2.1 fold; P = 0.006) [expression values 2,090.09 vs. 992.89], levels of CTNNBIP1, an inhibitor of β-catenin and TCF-4 (ICAT) which would normally prevent β-catenin binding to LEF transcription factors [30-32] and increased levels of LEF1 transcripts (3.42 fold; P = 0.000001) [expression values 513.06 vs. 1,752.32], were found.