In addition to regular epidemiological and food frequency questionnaire analyses, we investigated the polymorphisms of several phase I metabolic enzymes, including CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP2A6, and CYP2E1, and phase II metabolic enzymes, including GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1 and EPHX, which are believed to be involved in the metabolism of the environmental carcinogens for many types of cancers. The gene discussed is GSTP1; the disease is cancer.