Alterations in BDNF expression in specific neuron subpopulations contribute to various pathologies, including depression, epilepsy, and Alzheimer's, Huntington's, and Parkinson's diseases (Bibel and Barde, 2000; Murer et al., 2001; Binder and Scharfman, 2004; Castren, 2004; Cattaneo et al., 2005; Russo-Neustadt and Chen, 2005). The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is depressive disorder.