When the NIM levels were compared according to the specific tumour grade of G1/2 or G3, the median NIM levels for APAF-1 in G1/2 (G3) tumours were 34% (51%) in pT1, 55% (58%) in pT2, and 72% (66%) in ⩾pT3 tumours. The gene discussed is APAF1; the disease is neoplasm.