However, N-cadherin was down-regulated in ESE vs. PE [14], suggesting that N-cadherin expression is inhibited by P. Of interest, also, is the up-regulation of FOXO1A (2.1-fold) in ESE vs. PE [14], especially in view of recent data in breast cancer cells that demonstrate the importance of FOXO1A in E2 action [16]. This evidence concerns the gene CDH2 and breast cancer.