PROS1 and cancer: Yang et al (2006) found that EMMPRIN expression in breast carcinoma cells rendered them resistant to anoikis, a form of apoptosis triggered by a lack of or improper cell-matrix interactions, mediated by downregulation of the proapoptotic BH3-only protein, Bim, through an MAP kinase-dependent pathway. Marieb et al (2004) documented that upregulated EMMPRIN expression stimulates hyaluronan production by elevating hyoluronan synthases, which is closely related to the anchorage-independent growth of cancer cells.