In addition, the combination of the accumulation of receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) ligands in SF from RA patients [20,39-44] and the ability of AGEs to induce EMT in kidney fibrosis via RAGE triggering independently of TGF-β [22,23] indicates that triggering of the RAGE could play a role in the induction of EMT/fibrosis in RA patients. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.