Our studies in MM cells showed that NPI-0052-, like Bortezomib, -induced apoptosis, is associated with activation of both extrinsic (caspase-8-mediated) and intrinsic (caspase-9-mediated) cell-death signalling pathways (Chauhan et al, 2005a). The gene discussed is CASP9; the disease is Miyoshi myopathy.