The central role of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in DNA repair, recombination, cell cycle control and transcription [20,21] has led to the investigation of the implication of several similarly acting genes in breast and/or ovarian cancer predisposition, including ATM (Ataxia telangiectasia-mutated) [22-27], CHEK2 [28,29], TP53 [30], PTEN [31], STK11 [32] and a few other genes involved in DNA repair [33]. This evidence concerns the gene ATM and ovarian carcinoma.