TIMP1 and colonic neoplasm: Based on their data of limited modulation of MMP by butyrate in human SW1116 colon cancer cells [28], Emenaker et al suggested that SCFA, such as those derived from dietary fiber, may protect against invasive colon cancer through stimulation of TIMP and inhibition of uPA (plasminogen activator, urokinase) activities rather than their effects on MMP activities.