At the time of index stroke, 21.3% of patients had previously filled at least one prescription for an ACE inhibitor, 30.6% for a beta blocker, 23.4% a calcium channel blocker, 4.4% a lipid lowering agent (e.g., statin), 37.3% aspirin, and less than 1% each for dipyridamole or ticlopidine. The gene discussed is ACE; the disease is stroke disorder.