In a severity-dependent fashion, circulating levels of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and other inflammatory biomarkers are 1.5 – 3.0 times higher among individuals with COPD than in those without [35] Importantly, COPD patients with elevated C-reactive protein and other inflammatory biomarkers have a higher risk of cardiac events than those with normal C-reactive protein levels. Here, CRP is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.