In January 2006, the first inhaled human insulin (INH, Exubera® (insulinhuman [rDNA origin])InhalationPowder) was approved for use in adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the United States and European Union. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.