Nutritional and chemopreventive anti-cancer agents could also up-regulate translation of p27 by transmitting inhibitory signals to receptor protein kinases (RPTKs) followed by (a) phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) signaling pathway, (b) MAPK/MNK signaling pathway or (c) a combination of both. This evidence concerns the gene MTOR and cancer.