Luo et al used TLR-4 deficient CT-26 murine colorectal cancer cells in their study and suggested that the tumour promoting effect of LPS is subservient to inflammatory cytokines produced primarily by the innate immune system, as the LPS-induced enhanced tumour burden was TNF-α dependent and abolished with super-repressor-mediated NF-κB inhibition. This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and neoplasm.