However, slightly lower levels of TGFβ1 (P<0.0001) and MMP-2 (P=0.03) and a small increase of MMP-9 (P=0.001), OPG (P=0.003) and CTX (P=0.0007) have been detected in breast carcinoma patients (Figures 1, 2 and 3). Here, MMP9 is linked to breast carcinoma.