AKT1 and urinary bladder carcinoma: In light of these findings, we conclude that (1) gemcitabine and pemetrexed synergistically interact against bladder cancer cells, through suppression of Akt phosphorylation and induction of apoptosis; (2) pemetrexed enhances dCK and hENT1 expression in both cell lines thus suggesting that the sequence pemetrexedgemcitabine is mostly rationally designed; (3) the transcription analysis of gemcitabine-related genes in bladder cancer specimens is feasible and might be useful to help select patients with the highest likelyhood to enjoy complete response after gemcitabine therapy.