PSMB9 and Epstein-Barr virus infection: To accurately monitor EBV transcription, we designed probes specific for selected EBV genes: some from the latent phase (e.g., EBNA1, EBNA2, EBNA3A, EBNA3C, LMP1, and LMP2) and some from lytic EBV infection (e.g., BZLF1/ Zta, BXLF2/gp85, BKRF2/gL and BZLF2/gp42) (Table 1B).