Treating NSCLC cells H460, EsC cells TE12 or the MPM cells H211 with VA (1.0 or 5.0 mM) for 24 h resulted in a cell line- and dose-dependent 5–20-fold increase of NF-κB transcriptional activity (Figure 4). This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.