Furthermore, high expression of securin has been shown to induce angiogenesis, possibly by activating basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor expression (Zhang et al, 1999; Ishikawa et al, 2001), and to correlate with tumour cell invasion and metastasis (Zhang et al, 1999; Heaney et al, 2000; Ramaswamy et al, 2003). The gene discussed is PTTG1; the disease is neoplasm.