We first tested the panel of commonly used pancreatic cancer cell lines shown in Table 1, which covers all tumour grades and genetic mutations, and includes cell lines derived from primary tumours, ascites, and liver and lymph node metastases, in serum-free adhesion assays on the stromal ECM proteins, type I collagen, fibronectin, and vitronectin, and the basement membrane proteins, type IV collagen and laminin. This evidence concerns the gene VTN and pancreatic neoplasm.