TLR2 and infection: Anthrax infection is thought to be partially mediated through the TLR2 pathway since TLR2 deficient mice are resistant to infection by the Sterne strain of Bacillus anthracis and HEK293 cells expressing TLR2, but not TLR4, are able to signal in response to exposure to heat-inactivated Bacillus anthracis [25].