TLR2 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Analysis of TLRs expression in peripheral blood monocytes from stable COPD patients revealed that TLR-2 expression was also up-regulated compared to never smokers (6.02 ± 1.9 mfi vs. 4.01 ± 1.94 mfi; p = 0.01) (fig 1 panel A) and not significantly different to that found in AECOPD patients at admission (5.94 ± 2.12 mfi vs 6.78 ± 2.09 mfi respectively; p = 0.28).