Overall, of the 351 cases, 120 (34.2%) were classified as unstained, defined as <1% of carcinoma cells stained, 61 (17.4%) were ‘borderline’ stained (1–5% carcinoma cells stained) and the remaining 170 (48.4%) were stained to some degree by the polyclonal antibody to the AGR2 protein. This evidence concerns the gene AGR2 and carcinoma.