The inverse relation of adiponectin with risk of endometrial cancer is independent of possible effects of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-3, leptin, BMI and other known risk factors of the disease, but the combination of high BMI and low adiponectin levels led to a more than six-fold excess risk of endometrial cancer (Miyoshi et al, 2003; Mantzoros et al, 2004; Petridou et al, 2003). The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is endometrial cancer.