On the other hand, many recent studies have reported that the homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index using fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and fasting serum insulin (endogenous insulin secretion) is a useful method for evaluating insulin resistance.20-22 Furthermore, Bonora et al. showed that the HOMA-estimated insulin resistance index is a better independent predictor of the incidence of type-2 diabetes than exogenous insulin secretion.22 This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus.