Anemic patients with chronic renal failure should receive treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO, Eéoetin) to maintain hemoglobin levels over 11 g/dL with an acceptable target of 12 to 12.5 g/dL, according to recommendations from the European practice guideline for management of anemia in patients with chronic renal failure [33] and the National Kidney Foundation K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for anemia of chronic kidney disease [27]. This evidence concerns the gene EPO and anemia.