AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: For HCC biomarkers, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP, 19-fold), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1, 9-fold), cytokeratin 8 (6-fold), cytokeratin 18 (3-fold) and cytokeratin 19 (11-fold), were dramatically increased in arsenic-induced HCC.