The HCC biomarkers α-fetoprotein, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), cytokeratin 8, cytokeratin 18, and cytokeratin 19, as well as the neoplastic progression protein-3, were all significantly increased, consistent with HCC pathobiology and previous findings with arsenic (Liu et al. 2004). The gene discussed is SERPINE1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.