We demonstrate that the chemokines CCL5 (RANTES) and CCL3 (also known as macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α), ligands for CCR5, and CXCL10 (also known as IFNγ-induced protein (IP)-10), a ligand for CXCR3, are expressed in the inflamed joint in JIA at higher levels than in peripheral blood. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL10 and juvenile idiopathic arthritis.