Human-derived PIF has been designated human cachexia-associated protein (HCAP) by early identification of the human gene sequence (GenBank accession number AR053250) and patent (US 5834192) (Akerblom and Murry, 1998) and later by a group, which investigated its expression in prostate cancer patients (Wang et al, 2003). This evidence concerns the gene DCD and prostate carcinoma.