It is also suggested that CK1 may provide a possible switch mechanism for Axin function in the regulation of Wnt and JNK pathways (Zhang et al, 2002), and demonstrated that mutant DN-Fas-associated death domain protected colon cancer cells from TRAIL-induced apoptosis in the presence of the CK1 inhibitor (Izeradjene et al, 2004). The gene discussed is FAS; the disease is malignant colon neoplasm.