Nevertheless, whereas the elevated expression of TGFβ1 is described to associate with disease progression in a number of studies (Gorsch et al, 1992; Dalal et al, 1993; Walker et al, 1994), others studies failed to reveal diagnostic or predictive value of TGFβ1 for breast cancer patients (Dublin et al, 1993; Murray et al, 1993; Kesari et al, 1999; Ghellal et al, 2000). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and breast carcinoma.