Among preparations now in clinical use are PEG-asparaginase for treating leukemia, PEGylated interferons for hepatitis C, PEGylated granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for neutropenia, a PEGylated liposomal doxyrubicin for chemotherapy, and a PEGylated antisense oligonucleotide for macular degeneration. Here, CSF3 is linked to leukemia.