Elevated expression of cIAP-2/BIRC3 has been reported in human NSCLC [36-38] and elevated expression of the related proteins XIAP/BIRC4 and survivin/BIRC5 are also seen in NSCLC [36,39], implicating the BIRC family of proteins as important mediators of lung tumorigenesis. This evidence concerns the gene BIRC5 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.