CRP and coronary artery disorder: These pathways are very similar to those suggested for the effect of cigarette smoking on risk of CHD, such as elevated inflammatory markers, especially CRP levels (Panagiotakos et al. 2004), fibrinogen and white cell counts (Panagiotakos et al. 2004), blood viscosity (Frohlich et al. 2003), heart rate (Bolinder and de Faire 1998), and oxidative stress (Guthikonda et al. 2004).