While previous studies have failed to identify non-synonymous mutations in DLX1 and DLX2 [32], or close linkage of a polymorphism in DLX6 in autistic patients [40], we sequenced the exons, exon/intron boundaries, and known regulatory elements of the DLX1/2 and DLX5/6 genes in 161 autism probands and 58 non-autistic siblings collected as part of the Autism Genetic Resource Exchange (AGRE) [41], an initiative coordinated by Cure Autism Now (CAN). This evidence concerns the gene DLX5 and autism.