Methylation of DRM/Gremlin was observed in 50% of lung cancer tissues (n=140), 54% of breast cancer tissues (n=37), and 60% of MM tissues (n=63), while methylation of HPP1 in these tissues occurred at a frequency of 28, 35, and 35%, respectively, and methylation of RUNX3 occurred at a frequency of 18, 22, and 33%, respectively. Here, GREM1 is linked to breast cancer.