GREM1 and lung carcinoma: In lung cancer tissue, DRM/Gremlin methylation was not associated with age, postsurgical stage, or prognosis, but it was associated with gender (male, 68/88 (77%); female, 18/35 (51%); P=0.008) and smoking history (smoker, 74/97 (76%); nonsmoker, 12/26 (46%); P=0.007).