RAC1 and infection: Coinfection of the YopE- and YopT-expressing strains resulted in a strong reduction in cytoplasmically localized Rac1 activation relative to a strain lacking YopE (compare “E + T” to “T,” Figure 7A and 7C), although the levels of activation were somewhat higher than that seen for a single infection with the YopE-expressing strain (Figure 7A and 7C).