PGF and cancer: Of the all the factors analysed (gender, tumour TNM stage, grade of differentiation, vascular emboli of cancer cells, nodal status and use of postoperative adjuvant therapy, MVD level, and PlGF), TNM stage and high-level PlGF were two independent prognostic factors, which were the best general prognostic indicators (p = 0.007 and p = 0.011, respectively) (table 4).