MAPK8 and rheumatoid arthritis: Ourselves and others have previously reported that VIP inhibits the nuclear translocation of NFκB and also the JNK signalling pathway in LPS (lipopolysaccharide) stimulated macrophage and monocytic cell lines [35-37] In the present report, we describe that this mechanism also operates in vivo and may involve other cell types involved in the pathogenesis of RA.