IFNA1 and infection: In this study, the superior antitumour effect of the IFN-α gene therapy over the recombinant IFN-α protein therapy was evaluated between the single injection of 1.0 × 108 PFU of AxCA-IFN and 3 × 105 IU g−1 of recombinant IFN-α protein, which corresponds to the top level achieved by the 1.0 × 108 PFU of AxCA-IFN infection as shown in Figure 2.