Percentage of positive cells showed analogous data (nonsmokers (A and B) vs. smokers, COPD patients, TLR2: 22.5 and 19.2 vs. 12.9 and 12.2; CD14: 9.5 and 8.5 vs. 8.1 and 8.7; TLR4: 11 and 12.5 vs. 8.9 and 10.3 % positive). This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.